1. If a highway has a gradient of 6.67% (1 in 15) and a curve radius of 240 m, the grade compensation required is:
Correct Answer: a) 0.31%
Grade compensation = 75/R = 75/240 ≈ 0.31% (as per IRC formula for grade compensation on curves)
2. When a sharp horizontal curve is introduced on a road with maximum gradient, the gradient should be reduced to:
Correct Answer: b) Compensate for loss of tractive effort
On curves, part of the tractive effort is needed to overcome curvature resistance, so gradient is reduced to compensate for this loss.
3. A hill road has a ruling gradient of 5% (1 in 20). If a curve of 80 m radius is encountered, the compensated gradient will be:
Correct Answer: a) 3.06%
Compensated gradient = Ruling gradient - (75/R) = 5% - (75/80) ≈ 5% - 0.94% = 3.06%
4. For a National Highway in hilly terrain with a 5% gradient and a 300 m curve radius, the compensated gradient (as per IRC) should not be less than:
Correct Answer: b) 4%
As per IRC guidelines, the compensated gradient should not be less than 4% for National Highways in hilly terrain.
5. While driving downhill at 30 km/h, if braking distance is twice that required uphill, the road gradient is approximately:
Correct Answer: b) 10.6%
Derived from braking dynamics equations considering the relationship between gradient and braking distance.
6. Flatter cambers are preferred for smooth traffic flow, while steeper cambers aid drainage. The optimal balance is achieved when:
Correct Answer: c) Camber slope = Half the gradient
This balance provides adequate drainage while maintaining smooth traffic flow and vehicle stability.
7. The recommended camber for a high-speed highway with bituminous surface is:
Correct Answer: c) 1 in 60
For high-speed bituminous highways, 1 in 60 (1.67%) camber is typically recommended as it provides good drainage without compromising vehicle stability at high speeds.
8. A parabolic camber is preferred over a straight camber because it:
Correct Answer: b) Provides uniform drainage across the width
Parabolic camber ensures uniform flow of water across the entire road width, preventing water accumulation at any point.
9. For an earth road, the typical camber value is:
Correct Answer: a) 1 in 25
Earth roads require steeper camber (1 in 25 or 4%) for effective drainage due to their lower resistance to water damage.
10. Excessive camber may lead to:
Correct Answer: c) Reduced driver comfort
Excessive camber causes vehicles to tilt uncomfortably, especially for passengers in high-center-of-gravity vehicles.
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